The Northern Sea Route and Russian LNG: How Energy Security Is Being Rewritten in the Sanctions Era
Executive Summary Since the war in Ukraine, the energy order has shifted from a question of “who sells cheaper gas” to a question of “who controls which routes, ships, insurance, and financial rails.” Europe pivoted sharply from dwindling Russian pipeline gas to LNG, and in that process global LNG volumes were reallocated from Asia and Latin America toward Europe, shaking prices, contracts, and logistics at the same time. The IEA notes that in 2022 European LNG imports increased by 64 bcm (over 60% year-on-year), effectively replacing the decline in Russian pipeline flows.